bolton



(No Model.)

S. S. BOLTON. MEANS FOR SINKING ARTESIAN OR TUBULAR WELLS.

Patented June 23,1891.

EELYHLLE'L E-ED1LUYI E) UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL S. BOLTON, OF BIG RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO CHARLES A. OHLSON, OF SAME PLACE.

MEANS FOR SINKING ARTESIAN OR TUBULAR WELLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 454,451, dated June 23, 1891.

Application filed December 27, 1888. Serial No. 294,763. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern: contingencies in sinking such wells, all as Be it known that I, SAMUEL S. BOLTON, a more fully hereinafter described, and shown citizen of the United States, residing at Big in, the accompanying drawings, in which Rapids, in the county of Mecosta and State Figure 1 shows my apparatus in elevation 5 of Michigan, have invented certain new and as it appears in operation, the casing and some useful Improvements in Means for Sinking other parts of the apparatus being shown in Artesian or Tubular ells, of which the folvertical section. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on lowing is a specification, reference being had line X X in Fig. 1. therein to the accompanying drawings. A is the casing to be driven. B is a pack- 6o IO This invention relates to new and useful ing-ring secured to the lower end thereof.

improvements in means for sinking Artesian O is a piston forming a tight joint through or tubular wells bymeans of hydraulic power; the packing-ring B. and the invention consists in the peculiar ap- D is a well-tube point secured to the lower plication ofhydraulic power, in combination end of the piston by means of a screw-thread 15 with apparatus designed to carry out the opconnection E.

eration. a represents one or more small grooves To this end I carry out my invention by upon the outer face of the piston at the upper means of apparatus which operates by means end thereof. of two hydraulic rams, one forming a piston Z) is a screw-threaded socket upon the upper 2c in the tubular casing to be driven and carend of the piston, and e is a collar near the rying at its lower end the well-tube point. upper end of the piston to prevent the piston By the application of hydraulic power into from falling out of the tube. the casing the piston is pushed out through F is a cylinder secured to the upper end of the lower end of the casing, while the casing the tube A in the axial line thereof by means 2 5 is held stationary, and after being pushed out of a suitable coupling.

a certain distance the casing is pushed out G is the lower head, and H is the head on after it by the operation of another hydraulic the upper end of the cylinder. ram operating on top of the casing. This I is a piston in the cylinder. .I is the pisram is a cylinder with two heads secured on ton-rod. 30 top of the casing in the vertical axis thereof, K is a cross-head secured upon the upper and has for its hydraulic head a piston, which end of the piston-rod. is made stationary relative to the ground by L is an upright frame, to which the ends of securing it to a vertical anchor-frame, and the cross-head K are secured, and this frame this piston forms two pressure-chambers is secured to the bed M, which is firmly anch- 3 5 within the cylinder or ram, whereby by the ored to the ground, and is provided with a application of hydraulic pressure either above suitable aperture N, through which the easor below the piston the cylinder or ram is ing passes into the ground. lifted up or pushed down to pull the casing O is a pump. out of the ground or to push it into the P is aeistern from which the pump draws o 40 ground, as desired. The hydraulic pressure its water.

is obtained by means of a suitable pump in Q is a discharge-pipe from the pump. the usual manner, and which pump has suit- R is a vertical pipe communicating thereable connection with the interior of the wellwith and having the branches (7, e, and f. tube to be driven and which forms the press- The branch (Z leads into the pressure-cham- 5 45 ure-chamber for a piston-ram in the casing ber S, formed within the tubular casing beandwith thepressure-chambers formed above low the head G of the cylinder and is con and below the piston in the cylinder. trolled by a valve (1. The branch 6 leads My invention also consists in the peculiar into the pressure-chamber S between the construction and arrangement of the differpiston I and the head G and is controlled by 50 cut parts of the apparatus, whereby suitable a valve e, and the branch f leads into the provision is made to meet all the different PIBSSUI'QGIIZHHDBP S, formed between the 7c, Z, and m.

V is a suitable hoisting-tackle secured to the top of the frame \(l.

V is a platform detachably secured to the casing for the operator to stand on.

In practice, the parts being constructed and arranged for operation as shown and described, they are intended to operate as follows: By opening the valve d and m and closing all the other valves and then operating the pump 0 the water will be forced into the pressure-chamber S, formed within the casing, and after it becomes filled with water the piston 0 becomes a hydraulic ram and'is driven out through the lower end of the easing, thereby driving the well-tube point D into the ground in advance of the casing until the grooved upper end of the piston passes through the packing and forms an exit for the water. The valve on being opened at the same time while driving the well-tube point, the hydraulic pressure is indicated on the indicator T, and when the work of driving the well-tube point to the required distance is accomplished it will be indicated by a sudden drop of the pressure on the indicator. Likewise an abnormal increase in the hydraulic pressure will clearly indicate an obstruction requiring drilling, for which contingencycer tain provisions are made in the construction of the parts, as will be explained hereinafter. The next operation after the well-tube point is driven down is to drive the pipe after it. This is done by opening the waste-cock g and the valves 6 and Z and closing all the other valves. By setting the pump in motion again the water is pumped into the pressure-chamber S, while the water from the pressurechamber S can escape through the waste-valve g. The pressure thus raised in the pressurechamber S acts against the hydraulic head G, and thereby forces the casing down into the ground. At the same time the indicator being in communication with the pressurechamber S, the pressure indicated thereon will show when the work is completed. By the alternate repetitions of these operations the casing is thus driven into the ground. As soon as the piston I has reached the top of the cylinder it has to be lowered, and this is done readily by opening the waste-cock 2' and lowering the cross-head K on the frame, which latter for this purpose is provided at requisite distances apart with suitable means, such as the unions or, which are placed at intervals equal to the distance of the travel of the piston and to which the cross-head is keyed or secured in any other suitable man ner. After one section of the casing is thus driven the apparatus may be raised by means of the hoisting-tackle V on top of the frame and another section of the tubing secured to the casing and to the apparatus, and the operation is continued as before. \Vhen water is reached, the piston O can be taken out and a screen secured in its place, as in the usual construction of drive-wells.

For the purpose of removing the piston the screw-socket b is formed in the upper endot the piston to make a suitable connection with the piston from the surface, and to unscrew it from engagement with the screw-thread E in the well-tube point the two screw-threads are respectively right and left.

Should it be necessary to draw the casing to prevent its being injured in case drilling or blasting is required through meeting rock or any other hard substance, the piston 1S taken out and the casing is lifted upby means of hydraulic power applied in the pressurechamber S, suitable connection being made therewith from the pump through the pipe R and the branch F by opening the valve R.

If drilling has to be resorted to, the welltube point D is secured to the packing-box B and the drilling-tool is applied through the aperture in the well-tube point.

In case it should be necessary to put a smaller tube inside the first tube the piston is taken out and a smaller tube put down inside the first with a smaller piston to fit the same, and the work is proceeded with as before.

Thus it will be seen that my apparatus is contrived to meet all the different contingencies arising in the art of driving Artesian or tubular wells, and with a well-rig to carry out the object of my invention the work of sinking Artesian or tubular wells is greatly simplified and is calculated to form an important advancement in the state of the art.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. The combination, with the welltube point, the casing, and a movable cylinder mounted on top of the casing, of two hydraulic rams adapted to alternately drive the welltube point and the casing, the one forming a piston within the lower end of the casing and carrying the well-tube point, and the other consisting of a stationary piston in said cylinder and forming an upper and lower pressure-chamber therein, and means for alternately supplying water under pressure to said pistons, substantially as described.

' 2. In a means for driving Artesian or tubular Wells, the combination, with the casing, of the piston-ram secured in the lower end of the casing and carrying the drive-point, the,

cylinder-ram secured on top of the casing, the piston on which said cylinder reciprocates and which divides it into two pressure-chambers, the cross-head to which the upper end of the piston-rod which carries the piston is secured, the upright frame anchored to the too iro

ground and to which the ends of the crosshead are adjustably secured, the pump, and the valve-controlled connections from said pump with the pressure-chamberin the tube,- the pressure-chamber below and the pressurechamber above the piston, all substantially as described.

3. In a hydraulic apparatus for driving Artesian or tubular wells, the combination, with the casing, of the piston O, carrying the welltube point, the cylinder secured on top of the said casing and provided with the cylinderhead G, which serves also as the head for the lower pressure-chamber S, formed by the casing, the piston I in the cylinder, the pressurechambers S and S, the piston-rod J, the head II on top of the cylinder, the cross-head K, carrying the piston rod, the anchored frame L, the pump 0, the cistern P, and the Valve-controlled connections of the pump with the pressure-chambers, the valve-controlled waste-connections of the pressure-chamber with the cistern, the hydraulic indicator, and

the valve-controlled connections of the indicator with the pressure-chambers, all. substantially as described.

&. In an apparatus for driving Artesian or tubular wells, the combination, with the casing, of the stufling-box B, secured to the lower end thereof, the well-tube point D, provided with the screw-threads E, the piston 0, provided with the screw-socket Z) and with the groove or grooves a 011 its upper end, and the cylinder F, having its head G secured on top of said casing and forming a pressure-chamber in the casing, the piston in said cylinder dividing it into two pressure-chambers for supplying water under pressure, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof Iaffix my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this 17th day of December, 1888,

SAMUEL S. BOLTON. "Vitnesses:

I. E. MORGAN, ANDREW HANSON. 

